Day: January 12, 2021

Write a personal reflection on the results of the leadership self-assessment tests. What did you learn about yourself and your leadership from the questionnaires? Were there any surprises? What are your areas of strength? What areas do you need to work on? How do you plan to improve on the dimensions of leadership assessed? Authentic Leadership Test results: strong authentic leadership based on my scores20=self awareness18=internalized moral perspective16=balanced processing19=relationship transparency Path-Goal Leadership Test results: scored in high range for all leadership stylesDirective-34Support-34Participative- 31Achievement oriented-30 Leader-Member Exchange: higher quality leader/member exchange based on scoreScore of 25 Please cite a minimum of two sources. Use recent sources/citations/references – no more than 5-6 years old. You can cite/reference the class textbook.

In a four- to five-page analysis, address the following in a well-developed and structured essay.

·        Provide a clear and detailed introduction.

o   What is the topic and why is it important?

o   What are the multiple sides of the debate?

o   What is your thesis or point of view on the topic?

·        Summarize the topic/angle/purpose.

o   What is the topic of the article?

o   What is the angle or argument that the writer presents?

o   What is the purpose of the article? What does the writer want the audience to do with the information they are presented with?

·        Analyze rhetorical appeals.

o   How does the author use appeals to reason (logos)?

o   How does the author use appeals to emotion (pathos)?

o   How does the author use appeals to credibility (ethos)?

o   What appeals are used most effectively? What is the impact on the argument?

·        Provide a counterargument.

o   What are the opposing arguments to the argument?

o   What are some reasons why the argument is incomplete or illogical?

o   What are some examples or forms of evidence that show why or how the counterargument is incomplete or illogical?

o   What are the reasons why the original argument is stronger?

·        Explain your position.

o   What is your evaluation of the issue?

o   How does utilizing a counterargument make your analysis stronger?

Remember, you must include detailed examples and analyses to help support your claims. Select your topic wisely and be sure to address each part of the prompt as this assignment will be used for your Week 7 Persuasive Presentation.

Thank You!

Bender, S. W. (2010). Compassionate Immigration Reform. Fordham Urban Law Journal, 38(1), 107–128.

To discuss globalization and world issues such as colonialism and its effect on slave trade. Though colonialism may have officially ended, the effects of colonialism are still very much present today. This is true in modern-day Africa. 

Review the following resources for additional information on the slave trade in Africahttp://www.history.com/news/ask-history/what-part-of-africa-did-most-slaves-come-from:

• http://www.history.com/news/ask-history/
• what-part-of-africa-did-most-slaves-come-from

Select 1 of the following countries from which the most slaves originated:

• Democratic Republic of the Congo
• Ghana
• Ivory Coast
• For your selected country, identify the former colonial ruling country.
• Identify your selected country\’s date of independence from the colonial ruling country, and discuss the length of time the slave trade operated there.
• Discuss how the depopulation and fractured familial relationships inherent in the slave trade have affected your chosen country. Be sure to support your discussion with relevant examples.
  • Are these effects still felt today? If so, how? Provide examples.
• Based on your review of this information, what conclusions can you draw about the slave trade and its effects on your selected country?
• Based on your key findings and conclusions, what recommendations do you have to help improve the conditions in the country now? Make sure your recommendations:
  • include specific interventions or strategies to address the issues and constraints identified
  • are feasible (politically and operationally)
  • are realistic (short- and long-term)
• Utilize at least 2 credible sources to support the arguments presented in the paper. Make sure you cite them appropriately within your paper, and list them in APA format on your Reference page.
• Your paper should be 4-5 pages in length, not counting the Title page and Reference page. In accordance with APA formatting requirements, your paper should include a Title and Reference page, should be double-spaced, and include a running head and page numbers.

How to write such a paper on Globalization and world issues

The effects of slave trade: The Democratic Republic of Congo

One of the countries that many slaves originated from is Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). DRC can be traced to the Kongo Kingdom that rose to prominence in the 13th century, covering vast lands from present-day Angola to the Katanga region. Diogo Cao, a Portuguese navigator, was the first European to visit the empire in 1482 (BBC, 2019). This led to establishment of trade between Kongo and the Portuguese, with the Kongo selling copper and ivory in exchange for textiles. The Kongo also started selling criminals and prisoners of war as slaves. However, there was a dramatic and uncontrollable rise in slave trade in the region as a result of increased Portuguese demand for slaves, prevalence of slave traders and merchants, and infighting among fiefdoms in the Kongo Kingdom. This led to King Afonso, a king of Kongo, to write a letter to the king of Portugal King in 1514 complaining about collusion by Portuguese merchants and Kongo noblemen to enslave Kongo citizens (Nunn, 2008). Further, in an effort to end the slave trade, King Afonso asked for removal of Portuguese merchants in 1526. These efforts were however unsuccessful, with slave trade continuing unabated into the 16^th and 17^th century. This culminated in the Jaga Invasion of 1568-1570 and eventual collapse of the Kongo Kingdom following a massive civil war in 1665-1709.  

LITERATURE REVIEW TEMPLATE
NOTE: Please use the “Grammar Check” link in the left side bar in Interact to check the grammar of your final report before submitting it.
Important information to read before you start your Literature report:
A literature review describes and evaluates the research you have read about the specific topic that is of interest to you (very detailed). It also includes a critical analysis of the relationship among different works. All this, you need to also relate to your work.
Your Literature Review Assignment should be less than 2500 words and have the following sections:
Abstract: (altogether ~200 words)
Give a brief overview of the aims, methods and expected findings of your work, and your contribution in this project. Write each of these points as small paragraph.
1. Introduction: (altogether 300~400 words)
* Give a definition of the topic you are researching (a description, an argument or a proposal)
• Tell your reader what is of interest to you for your research and state the problem (the narrow field you have researched, i.e. automated feedback for tertiary students).)
• Tell your reader what it is NOT of interest to you for your research (i.e. you are NOT doing research on primary or secondary students)
• State the overall findings from your review (i.e. what do most sources conclude).
2. Literature Review: (1600 – 1800 words)
• Describe the field of research and show your reader how you will organise your research (in sections with headings)
• Write your 12 reviews, using the following guide:
1. Organise the 12 reviews in blocks (depending on what is important for you) – you may have noticed categories some research papers fall into.
? By technology
? By results
? etc.
? (Pl do not discuss paper by paper)
2. Check all papers to see what you can describe together.
3. Describe the research (what they did; how they did it; what technology they used) + evaluate the contribution the work makes to the field (i.e. why is this work important; how does it differ from other work) + show the limitations of the research (what did the researchers identify as limitations)
+ show what you think are omissions, gaps or limitations (you know this topic now; you should able to identify if they have not done something: gaps and limitations are the justification for doing this research) + show how the research is valuable for your project (link it to your work). See 2nd page for the sample
4. Identify relationships among studies in the same group/block:
Note relationships among studies (i.e. this work achieved higher accuracy than other studies using the ROTTO algorithm because …). Identify important studies (landmark studies) that led to subsequent studies in the same area.
5. Keep your review focused on your topic: make sure that the articles you have found are relevant and directly related to your topic.
6. If you include tables, diagrams, flowcharts or formulas as part of your review, each of them should be given a figure/ table number and that number must be cited in the main text with a detailed explanation (below the figure).
• Add and explain the Component and Classification tables. Need to explain why you selected those columns and the importance of these tables.
Sample review group (see below for codes A – H)
Group/Heading
Research using convolution Neural Networks (CNN)
[A] Convolutional neural networks (CNN) have been used to achieve a more fine-grained analysis in a range of research works. They are generally effective for smaller corpora (Hadad et al., 2016; Colton et al., 2015). However, processing a large corpus is still computationally expensive due to the high processing time. [B] To overcome this, Abasir et al. (2017) used CNN to train a Natural Language Processing (NLP) system creating a RoTT1 algorithm to reduce the training time of a large corpus by several seconds. [C] Lowering training time is important since it lowers computational cost [D] and even though the improvement was not of magnitude, no other group of researchers has been able to achieve this. It points to the fact that the RoTT1 algorithm has potential. [E] In addition to the size of the decrease, the researchers identified as limitation that the overall impact of this reduction is minimal as the data preparation time increased significantly, offsetting the time gains from training. [F] Despite these issues which require further research, the RoTT1 algorithm developed by the researchers is still of interest to the proposed work as it has proven to reduce processing time which is one of the aims of this research. [G] The RoTT1 algorithm has since also been used by other researchers. An algorithm based on similar principles and CNN were also the basis of an object detection system by Compten and Wells (2018). However, although this adaptation of RoTT1 is interesting, it is field-specific, and the concept may not be suitable for adaptation because the development of a new algorithm is not the focus of this work. It is, therefore, of no further interest. [H] However, of considerable value for our work is the research by Blander et al (2019) which focused on [A] compression of corpora by … Blander at a l (2019) used a multi-layer CNN with the aim adding layers that would sort and condense the corpus (next review in this same category, repeating all sections A, B, C, D, E, F)
Article adapted for educational purposes from Ho et al. (2018) with permission of the authors.
[A] State the special area this paper is based on [get additional references from general research or from the paper you have reviewed but not used].
[B] Introduce the work you want to discuss and what they did.
[C] Tell your reader why their work is important.
[D] Draw a comparison about this work with existing research.
[E] The limitations the researchers identified themselves.
[F] State why this work is of value to your own research
[G] How has research been used in the field?
[H] Create a link to the next valuable piece of research (i.e. one of the 12) in the same category.
• Frequently link the discussed research findings to the research question stated in the introduction. These links create a thread of coherence throughout your review article.
3. Conclusion (150-200 words)
Summarise the key findings from the literature review (positive); restate the limitations; based on these limitations, justify your research proposal (i.e. discuss the gap/niche you identified).
4. References (~ 75 articles)
Please note that you need to add all 30-35 references you have collected in your weekly submissions and the other additional 2 references you have given for each journal paper. That means you should have a reference list of 75. Please do the citation of all these papers in the main document (mindful of the comments on referencing above).
PLEASE note that you do not have to propose your OWN systems; just provide a diagram of the topic or any landmark solutions.

A mobile manufacturing company pays its employees as follows: 1) Team leaders (fixed fortnightly salary)
2) Sales workers ($500 plus 6.5% of their gross fortnightly sales)
3) Pieceworkers (fixed amount of money per item for each of the items they produce, each piece worker in this company works on only 1 type of item)
4) Hourly workers (fixed hourly wage for up to the first 60 hours they work and -timeand a-half- i.e. 1.5 times their hourly wage, for overtime hours worked)
Write a program to compute the weekly pay for each employee. You do not know the number of employees in advance.
Each type of employee has its own pay code:
Code 1: Team leaders
Code 2: Sales workers
Code 3: Pieceworkers
Code 4: Hourly workers
There will be an undetermined number of entries into the payroll. Use a switch to compute each employees pay based on that employees pay code. Within the switch, prompt the user (i.e. the payroll clerk) to enter the appropriate facts your program needs to calculate each employees pay based on that employees pay code. Print each pay value and when done with the entries, print total amount of payroll.
Sample Run:
Enter employees number code (-1 to end): 4
Enter hourly workers pay rate: 10 Enter the number of hours worked: 35 fortnightly pay is: 350.00
Enter employees number code (-1 to end): 4
Enter hourly workers pay rate: 15.5 Enter the number of hours worked: 100 fortnightly pay is: 1860
Enter employees number code (-1 to end): 4
Enter hourly workers pay rate: 10 Enter the number of hours worked: 40 fortnightly pay is: 400.00
Enter employees number code (-1 to end): 1
fortnightly pay is: 576.90
Enter employees number code (-1 to end): 2 Enter Sales employees gross weekly sales: 1091.45 fortnightly pay is: 570.94
Enter employees number code (-1 to end): 3
Enter the number of pieces completed: 200 Enter the employees per piece pay rate: 0.5 fortnightly pay is: 100
Enter employees number code (-1 to end): 8 You have entered an invalid code.
Enter employees number code (-1 to end): 9 You have entered an invalid code.
Enter employees number code (-1 to end): 3
Enter the number of pieces completed: 100 Enter the employees per piece pay rate:
2.75 fortnightly pay is: 275.00
Enter employees number code (-1 to end): -1
The total payroll for the fortnight is:4132.84
Question 02
Use the rand function to produce two positive one-digit integers (0 includes). The program should then prompt the user with a question, such as How much is 2 + 3?
er. If
1. Very good!
2. Excellent!
3. Nice work!
4. Keep up the good work!
and ask another addition question.
If the answer is wrong, randomly display any of the following messages.
1. No. Please try again.
2. Wrong. Try once more.
3. Dont give up!
4. No. Keep trying and let the user try the same question repeatedly until the user finallygets it right.
A separate function should be used to generate each new question. This function should be called once when the application begins execution and each time the user answers the question correctly.
(Hint: Use random-number generation to choose a number from 1 to 4 that will be used to select one of the four appropriate responses to each correct or incorrect answer. Use a switch statement to issue the responses.)
Question 03
Question 04
Write a complete C program to calculate area and circumference of a circle. Your program should have the following functions in addition to a main() function.
1. Menu that displays
Do you want to use radius or diameter for the calculation?
Enter 1 for radius
Enter 2 for diameter
Enter -1 to exit
2. diameter_to_radius receives diameter (double) as a parameter and returns radius (double).
3. random_value_generator generates random values (double) between minimum and maximum.
4. area receives radius (double) as a parameter and returns area (double).
5. circumference – receives radius (double) as a parameter and returns circumference (double).
You should start the program by prompting the user to select radius or diameter for the calculation (validate the choice).
radius:
You should ask the user to choose a unit, either cm or m (validate the choice), for the calculation. Generate a random double value (use random_value_generator) between 5. 0 (minimum) and 15.0 (maximum) for the radius. Prompt the user to choose either area or circumference calculation (prompt by using character A for area and C for circumference validate choice).
diameter:
You should ask the user to choose a unit, either cm or m (validate the choice), for the calculation. Generate a random double value (use random_value_generator) between 15.0 and 30.0 for the diameter. Before calculating area or circumference convert diameter to radius (use diameter_to_radius function).
You should exit the program only when the user inputs -1.
All results are printed in main, show only two decimal numbers in the final result.
The formatting of the output should be similar (including the units) to the screen shot shown.
In this task double means double precision floating point value.

Assessment Details and Submission Guidelines
Trimester T3 2020
Unit Code HI6028
Unit Title Taxation Theory, Practice & Law
Assessment Type Individual Assignment
Assessment Title Case Studies of Specific Deductions and Tax Liability
Purpose of the assessment (with ULO
Mapping) Students are required to follow the instructions by your lecturer to confirm any relevant information. You also need to follow any relevant announcement on Blackboard to confirm the due date and time of the assignment.
The individual assignment will assess students on the following learning outcomes:
1. Demonstrate an understanding of the Australian income tax system, the concept of FBT, Ordinary Income, general anti-avoidance provisions and income tax administration. (ULO 1).
2. Identify and critically analyse taxation issues. (ULO 2).
3. Interpret the relevant taxation legislations and case law. (ULO 3).
4. Apply taxation principles to real life problems. (ULO 4).
Weight This assignment task accounts for 25 % of total marks in this unit.
Total Marks This assignment task accounts for 25 marks of total marks in this unit.
Word limit Max 2000 words (acceptable to be 10% above or below this word limit).
Due Date Week 9, 22nd January 2021 (Before 11.30 PM AEST)
Submission Guidelines Instructions: Please read carefully to avoid mistakes.
• Answer all questions.
• This assignment along with a completed Assignment Cover Page is to be submitted on Blackboard by the due date in soft copy only.
• The self-check links are no longer available as a separate link in each unit’s assessment. Students are now limited to attempt any given assignment submission a maximum of once. After this attempt you will receive a SafeAssign originality report with Blackboard Learning Management System. This will provide detailed information about the matches found between your submitted works and existing sources.
• The assignment is to be submitted in accordance with assessment policy stated in the Unit Outline and Student Handbook.
• It is the responsibility of the student submitting the work to ensure that the work is in fact his/her own work. Incorporating another’s work or ideas into one’s own work without appropriate acknowledgement is an academic offence.
• The assignment must be in MS Word format, no spacing, 12-pt Arial font and 2 cm margins on all four sides of your page with appropriate section headings and page numbers.
• Harvard Reference sources must be cited in the text of the report and listed appropriately at the end in a reference list using Harvard referencing style. You also must refer to relevant legislation and/or case law in your answer. Reference sources must be cited in the text of the report and listed appropriately at the end in a reference list using Harvard referencing style. Penalty for not providing references is 5 marks.
• Note: Assessment task is set around the work that you have done in class. You are not expected to go outside the content of the unit, but you are expected to explore it.
Assignments’ Instructions and Requirements
Question 1 (10 Marks)
MJ Limited purchased a machinery for $50,000 for its operations on 1 October 2015 and have been using it for income producing activities. In the current financial year (2019-2020), the machinery broke down and it was replaced with another machinery with the cost of $70,000 which could improve(?) the production, a feature that was not available in previous machinery.
Explain in detail using relevant tax laws and cases whether this amount of $70,000 is deductible for MJ limited.
Kindly use the four sections of:
1. Facts of the scenario
2. Relevant laws and cases
3. Application of laws and cases
4. Conclusion
10 marks

QUESTION 2 – (15 MARKS)
Calculate Total Assessable Income, Taxable Income, Tax Liability, Medicare Levy and Medicare Levy Surcharge, if applicable, for the tax payer (James) with information below:
• James is a resident single tax payer of Australia for the tax year 2019-2020
• His Taxable Salary earned is $170,000 (Including tax withheld) having no private health insurance.
• James has a student loan outstanding for his previous studies at Monash University of $57,000.
• James’ employer pays superannuation guarantee charge of 9.5% on top of his salary to his nominated fund.
• James earned a passive income of $15,000 from the investments in shares in the same tax year.
Hint: The following website can be used to cross check your answers but you need to provide the detailed calculations, rates and explanations with the screenshots of rates from ATO website.
https://www.paycalculator.com.au/
Submission guide: Strictly NO excel sheet(s) or the screenshots of excel calculations and/or tables are allowed and NO marks will be granted if these are submitted. But, no referencing is required for this question. Kindly use word document tables for your answers and please avoid writing the calculations in narration format.
QUESTION 2: Income Tax Calculation Weighting
Total Assessable Income 2 %
Total Taxable Income 2 %
HELP repayment amount 2 %
Medicare Levy 2 %
Medicare Levy Surcharge 2 %
Total Tax Liability 3 %
Net Tax Liability (Total Tax Liability less any applicable tax offset if any) 2 %
QUESTION 2 TOTAL MARKS: 15 %

Academic Integrity
Holmes Institute is committed to ensuring and upholding Academic Integrity, as Academic Integrity is integral to maintaining academic quality and the reputation of Holmes’ graduates. Accordingly, all assessment tasks need to comply with academic integrity guidelines. Table 1 identifies the six categories of Academic Integrity breaches. If you have any questions about Academic Integrity issues related to your assessment tasks, please consult your lecturer or tutor for relevant referencing guidelines and support resources. Many of these resources can also be found through the Study Sills link on Blackboard.
Academic Integrity breaches are a serious offence punishable by penalties that may range from deduction of marks, failure of the assessment task or unit involved, suspension of course enrolment, or cancellation of course enrolment.
Table 1: Six categories of Academic Integrity breaches
Plagiarism Reproducing the work of someone else without attribution. When a student submits their own work on multiple occasions this is known as self-plagiarism.
Collusion Working with one or more other individuals to complete an assignment, in a way that is not authorised.
Copying Reproducing and submitting the work of another student, with or without their knowledge. If a student fails to take reasonable precautions to prevent their own original work from being copied, this may also be considered an offence.
Impersonation Falsely presenting oneself, or engaging someone else to present as oneself, in an in-person examination.
Contract cheating Contracting a third party to complete an assessment task, generally in exchange for money or other manner of payment.
Data fabrication
falsification and Manipulating or inventing data with the intent of supporting false conclusions, including manipulating images.
Source: INQAAHE, 2020
If any words or ideas used the assignment submission do not represent your original words or ideas, you must cite all relevant sources and make clear the extent to which such sources were used.
In addition, written assignments that are similar or identical to those of another student is also a violation of the Holmes Institute’s Academic Conduct and Integrity policy.
The consequences for a violation of this policy include a range of penalties varying from a 50% penalty through suspension of enrolment. The penalty would be dependent on the extent of academic misconduct and your history of academic misconduct issues.
All assessments will be automatically submitted to SafeAssign to assess their originality.
For further information and additional learning resources please refer to your Discussion Board for the unit.

Essay Topics (Argument and Persuasion)
Essay Topics; Argument and Persuasion
1) The production and sale of cigarettes should be made illegal.
2) Primary and secondary school students should be required to take physical education courses.
3) The disadvantages of social media outweigh any benefits.
4) The government should put higher taxes on petrol to reduce air pollution and traffic congestion.
5) Advertisements for gambling and alcohol during professional sporting events should be prohibited.
6) Governments should implement sugar taxes to reduce obesity.

Assessment Brief
Program Bachelor of Applied Social Science
Subject Qualitative Research Methods
Subject code SOC301A
Name of assessment Supplementary: Essay
Length 2,500 words
Learning outcomes addressed by this assessment: B, C, D, E
Submission Date: End of week 11, Sunday 11.55 pm
Assessment brief summary: On the basis of what you have learnt this trimester identify the three key advantages of qualitative research as compared to quantitative research.
Total marks 50
Weighting 50%
Assessment Description
This is an essay. On the basis of what you have learnt this trimester, identify the three key advantages of qualitative research as compared to quantitative research. Discuss the advantages with reference to relevant literature. Your answer should reflect the core concepts you have learned this trimester. Please use examples that relate to community services and/or counselling in your essay.
Marking Criteria:
Max. in category Your points
Three key advantages of qualitative research identified and discussed
Word count, readability, and structure
Correct use of in-text and end-referencing
Total: Pass Fail
Comments:
What we want to see:
The work must be fully referenced with in-text citations and a reference list at the end. We recommend you work with your Academic Writing Guide to ensure that you reference correctly. You will find a link to this document on the main page of every unit, under the ‘Assessments’ section. Correct academic writing and referencing are essential tasks that you need to learn. We recommend a minimum of ten references.
Referencing: References are assessed for their quality. You should draw on quality academic sources, such as books, chapters from edited books, journals etc. Your textbook can be used as a reference, but not the Study Guide and lecture notes. We want to see evidence that you are capable of conducting your own research. Also, in order to help markers determine students’ understanding of the work they cite, all in-text references (not just direct quotes) must include the specific page number/s if shown in the original.
Researching: You can search for peer-reviewed journal articles, which you can find in the online journal databases and which can be accessed from the library homepage. Reputable news sites such as The Conversation (https://theconversation.com/au/health), online dictionaries and online encyclopedias are acceptable as a starting point to gain knowledge about a topic. Government departments, research institutes such as the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC), international organisations such as the World Health Organisation (WHO) and local not for profit organisations such as the Cancer Council are also good resources.
Formatting: The assessment MUST be submitted electronically in Microsoft Word format. Other formats may not be readable by markers. Please be aware that any assessments submitted in other formats will be considered LATE and will lose marks until it is presented in Word.
What we don’t want to see:
Plagiarism: All sources of information need to properly be acknowledged. Please refer to the plagiarism website on blackboard . By clicking the ‘Upload this file’ button you acknowledge that you have read, understood and can confirm that the work you are about to submit complies with the Flexible and Online plagiarism policy as shown in the JNI Student Handbook. Like other forms of cheating plagiarism is treated seriously. Plagiarising students will fail.
Word Count: Marks will be deducted for failure to adhere to the word count – as a general rule you may go over or under by 10% than the stated length.
Late Submissions: Students are advised that any submissions past the due date incur a 10% penalty per day, calculated from the total mark e.g. a task marked out of 30 will incur 3 marks penalty per day.
No submission: Students must attempt this task to be eligible to pass the unit.

The following questions will address the following key criteria of this assessment:
• Gather and analyse data relating to enterprise production and financial performance to identify historical and current performance
• Evaluate enterprise strengths and weaknesses against market conditions to determine current and future capacities
• Monitor impact of natural conditions on enterprise performance
• Monitored performance against enterprise objectives to identify variations and scope for future development
You must answer all the questions correctly in order to meet assessment requirements for this section.

Question 1:
Using the above on the page before using MS Excel or other software package. You are required to create a line graph, show the Farm Profit and Loss before taxes ($) for each year. You are required to comment to on business with regards to
i) Profitability and if it was a poor, average or good season for wheat production
ii) Create a 2nd line graph, comparing year to year, based on 453 Ha being as share farming, which represents, X Ha of the total managed area.
Identify the X (unknown), and what are the changes in profit margin to share farming, would the business remain viable if it were to forego share farming.
iii) Calculate and comment on the Return on Managed Capital (ROMC)
Question 2:
To demonstrate a partial budget, a ‘what if’ question is asked of the ‘Upndowns Farm’: ‘What would be the effect on farm profitability if the prime lamb enterprise was replaced by an expanded self- replacing merino enterprise.
The results, shown in Table 2.1 below, are based on the following assumptions:
• Self-replacing merino gross margin is $56/DSE.
• Prime lamb gross margin is $45/DSE.
• Total DSE in the current prime lamb flock is 1,720DSE.
• Asset value of the prime lamb enterprise $168,250 or $98/DSE.
• Asset value of the self-replacing merino enterprise is $806,250 or $112/DSE.
• Opportunity cost of capital is 10%.
• There is no change in the pasture program.
This analysis would indicate that the farm net profit should improve by how much? A partial budget example: Table 2.1
In this case, the 1,720 extra merino DSEs are worth $24,080. This is calculated by taking the asset value of the merinos of $112/DSE and subtracting the asset value of the prime lambs of $98/DSE, which gives
$14/DSE added capital. This $14/DSE is multiplied by the added 1,720DSE required, giving $24,080. An extra $24,080 is invested in sheep as a result of this change.
Calculate the return on extra capital based on this, and how would this fair again the return on extra capital.

An analysis of how has the audit procedures contributed to the collapse.
e. Comment on the auditor’s independence and professional and ethical behaviour within the case discussed.
f. Amendments that have taken place in the auditing standards and principles since then.
g. Your recommendations for any other improvements in the auditing profession based on this collapse.
h. Conclusion.